NAME

getppid - get the parent process ID

SYNOPSIS

#include <unistd.h>

pid_t getppid(void);


DESCRIPTION

The getppid() function shall return the parent process ID of the calling process.

RETURN VALUE

The getppid() function shall always be successful and no return value is reserved to indicate an error.

ERRORS

No errors are defined.

EXAMPLES

None.

APPLICATION USAGE

None.

RATIONALE

None.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS

None.

SEE ALSO

exec(), fork(), getpgid(), getpgrp(), getpid(), kill(), setpgid(), setsid(), the Base Definitions volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, <sys/types.h>, <unistd.h>

CHANGE HISTORY

First released in Issue 1. Derived from Issue 1 of the SVID.

Issue 6

In the SYNOPSIS, the optional include of the <sys/types.h> header is removed.

The following new requirements on POSIX implementations derive from alignment with the Single UNIX Specification:

• The requirement to include <sys/types.h> has been removed. Although <sys/types.h> was required for conforming implementations of previous POSIX specifications, it was not required for UNIX applications.